What is a Deposit?

A deposit is a sum of money payable as a first installment on the purchase of something or as a pledge for a contract, the balance being payable later. A deposit for a puppy typically means that buyers will pay breeders a $200 to $500 deposit, though this amount will vary by breeder, to reserve a puppy from an upcoming litter. Deposits should be given by a buyer in good faith, which means the buyer is serious in his or her commitment to purchase a puppy from that breeder. 

Many breeders require deposits to hold a reservation for a puppy prior to a new litter’s arrival. It is important for potential puppy owners to understand why breeders require deposits and why those deposits are often non-refundable, in addition to understanding the specifics of each breeder’s deposit policy when they choose a breeder and a breeding program. 

Why Do Breeders Often Require Non-Refundable Deposits?

There are a number of reasons why many breeders require non-refundable deposits. 

Being a responsible dog breeder requires careful planning, a huge time commitment, and major financial investments. Non-refundable deposits support breeders with all of these things.

It is of the utmost importance to breeders that they place their puppies with new owners who have been screened, educated, and are ready for the lifelong commitment of getting a puppy. Finding, selecting and preparing these new owners takes a large amount of a breeder’s time and energy. One of the most difficult times for breeders to do this screening is around the same time as the birth of the pups. Prior to the birth, breeders are often on call, waiting with and supporting the pregnant mom. Once the litter arrives, many breeders stay with the litter 24/7, as a second mom to the pups and a nurse to the dog mom. Puppies are born unable to hear or open their eyes and are entirely dependent on both their dog mom and breeder. This neonatal period can be particularly anxiety-inducing as the pups’ health and weight need to be monitored daily. It’s not uncommon for a pup to require feeding from the breeder (in addition to feeding from the pup’s dog mom) in order to survive this critical time. All of this means sleepless and stressful days and nights delivering and caring for the new family. 

After the pups’ eyes and ears open, breeders are fully focused on the demanding and costly task of providing for the health and development of their litter, including socializing, training, feeding, providing vet care for, and potty training an entire litter of puppies and caring for their mom! Additionally, many breeders use this time to evaluate their pups, share regular updates with their waitlist, and work with the folks on their waitlist to determine which puppy will make a good match for each puppy applicant in order to ensure that a puppy’s new home will be a forever home.

As you can see, it’s essential that breeders are able to give new litters and their moms their full attention, making this a difficult time to review puppy applications, interview potential puppy buyers, and select suitable homes for their pups. Many breeders prefer to have many, if not all, of their pups committed to prior to or soon after the pups’ arrival and so accept non-refundable deposits in advance to ensure this.

Advanced deposits also give new owners sufficient time to prepare for the commitment of getting a dog. Not only does this give new puppy owners time to become educated, ask the breeder questions and make preparations for the arrival of a new puppy, such as finding a local veterinarian, groomer and purchasing essentials for the new pup. This preparation time is enormously valuable in helping to ensure a smooth transition for the pup to his or her new home and in setting a new puppy owner and pup up for success. 

Thus it is in everyone’s best interest – the breeder, the potential puppy owner, and, most importantly, the dog – that breeders are not rushing to find homes for their pups while trying to raise a litter of newborn puppies. 

Being a responsible breeder takes a great deal of money, energy, and time. Expenses for a litter add up quickly. The total cost of responsibly breeding a litter of puppies can range anywhere from $7,700 to $23,900, which includes things like health checks for the female breeding dog, stud services, supplies, possible c-section, equipment, extra food, prenatal vitamins, pre- and post-natal veterinary care, registration documents for the new litter, and puppy vet checks. Breeders make these financial investments before new owners pay for their pups – meaning, breeders make these large investments out of their own pocket, relying on the fact that they will be compensated when the pups go to their new homes and they receive the agreed-upon purchase price of the dog from the new owners. Non-refundable deposits assure breeders that they have buyers for their beloved pups, protect these investments in time and money, and in some cases, may help cover these upfront costs for breeders. Non-refundable deposits also serve as a screening tool for breeders to use when evaluating potential puppy buyers. Payment of a non-refundable deposit indicates to a breeder that a potential buyer is serious and not just “window-shopping,” putting their names down on a waitlist or multiple waitlists without any intention of actually getting a puppy. Buyers who are willing to pay non-refundable deposits are typically buyers who believe they have found the right breeder for them and are committed to following through with purchasing a puppy. This means that non-refundable deposits protect breeders from a situation where a buyer backs out after a litter is born and a breeder must then dedicate unexpected time and energy finding new homes, while also caring for the remaining pups. 

As you can see, non-refundable deposits help breeders:

• Select great forever homes for their puppies when breeders have the most time and energy to devote to this important task
• Focus fully on caring for and raising their puppies and dog moms
• Know that their financial and time investment in their puppies, dogs and buyers will be compensated in a timely manner

What Questions Should You Ask Before Agreeing to a Deposit?

There are a few questions buyers should consider asking before agreeing to the terms of a deposit, which include: 

• Will the deposit be applied to the price of the puppy or is it in addition to the purchase price? 
• Is the deposit refundable?
  • If the deposit is refundable:
    • Under what circumstances is it refundable and are there any exceptions or exclusions?
  • If the deposit is non-refundable: 
    • Are there any instances where the deposit would be returned?
    • Is the deposit transferable to a future litter if a puppy is not available? 
    • Is there a timeframe for how long a buyer must wait for a puppy to be born before having a deposit returned? 
    • Will the deposit be returned if a breeder or buyer decides the buyer is not the right match for the breeding program?

Even though a buyer has paid a deposit (refundable or non-refundable) and is on a waiting list for a puppy in an upcoming litter, there is no guarantee that a buyer will actually receive a puppy from that litter because a breeder will not be able to know with certainty when a puppy will be available for any particular buyer. As with humans, it is impossible to predict whether a female dog will become pregnant or have a successful pregnancy. It is also impossible to know how many healthy puppies will be in a litter, and, depending on the breed, it is difficult for breeders to accurately foresee the sex and coloring of the puppies. Even with the best care, puppies are fragile so can become sick or have congenital illnesses that don’t appear for several weeks.

Given these uncertainties and because most puppy buyers have sex and color preferences for a new pup, breeders are unable to guarantee in advance how many applicants on their waitlist will receive puppies from any given litter. This uncertainty can be frustrating for puppy buyers, particularly if buyers have to wait longer than expected to take a new pup home. To ensure that buyers have realistic expectations when it comes to getting a new pup, it is incredibly important for them to understand exactly what a breeder’s deposit policy covers before deciding to make a commitment to work with a breeder.